Abstract: The increase in violence in Latin America has led public institutions to promote citizen participation in the management of insecurity. From the crime prevention approach, subjects and communities mobilize practices in search of protection in their neighborhood environments. An aspect little analyzed by the literature refers to how these practices produce space and what their scope is in cities with high levels of violence. Through a qualitative study based on a case study in 2019, we analyzed, in a situated and ethnographic way, the physical, social, and symbolic production of public space in the Kennedy neighborhood in the city of Tegucigalpa. The data reveal, on the one hand, that insecurity is not only linked to concern about crime and that, on the other hand, but fear of crime has also increased the wall, social isolation, and vigilantism. Paradoxically, phenomena reinforce the factors that facilitate the occurrence of crime and the fear of it. The results show the need to critically reflect on the scope of situational prevention in the Latin American city, while it forces us to rethink the relationship between insecurity/crime / urban planning.

Resumen: El aumento de la violencia en América latina ha promovido la participación de la ciudadanía en la gestión de la inseguridad. A partir del enfoque de prevención situacional del delito, sujetos y comunidades movilizan prácticas en búsqueda de protección en sus entornos vecinales. Un aspecto poco analizado por la literatura refiere a cómo estas prácticas producen el espacio y cuáles son los alcances que tienen en ciudades con altos niveles de violencia. Mediante un estudio cualitativo, basado en un caso de estudio en 2019, analizamos, de manera situada y etnográficamente, la producción física, social y simbólica del espacio público en la colonia Kennedy en la ciudad de Tegucigalpa. Los datos relevan que la percepción de inseguridad no solo se vincula con la preocupación por el crimen sino con otros problemas urbanos, al mismo tiempo que esta percepción ha generado el amurallamiento, aislamiento social y vigilantismo. Paradójicamente, estos fenómenos refuerzan los factores que facilitan la ocurrencia de delitos y el temor a estos. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de reflexionar críticamente acerca de los alcances de la prevención situacional y obliga a resituar el debate sobre la relación inseguridad/ crimen/planificación urbana en la ciudad latinoamericana.

RESUMO O aumento da criminalidade na América Latina ocorreu em paralelo com uma mudança na política policial em territórios. Junto com os processos de militarização e repressão policial, as estratégias de coprodução foram inspiradas pelo policiamento comunitário, mas a articulação de ambos nas margens urbanas foi pouco pesquisada. Em Da assistência social ao controle nas margens urbanas: Práticas policiais ambivalentes no Chile neoliberal, nossa hipótese afirma a coexistência e ambivalência da assistência social e de práticas abusivas contra os pobres da cidade. Métodos qualitativos conduzidos em Santiago (Chile) mostram que a política policial envolve ambas as dimensões, fortemente enraizadas em elementos de identidade da tradição militar das forças policiais.

ABSTRACT Crime increase in Latin America has occurred in parallel with a change in police policy in territories. Along with the processes of militarization and police repression, strategies of co-production have been inspired by community policing, but the articulation of both in urban margins has been understudied. Our hypothesis affirms the coexistence and ambivalence of both social assistance and abusive practices against the city's poor. Qualitative methods conducted in Santiago, Chile, show police policy involves both dimensions, which are strongly rooted in identity elements of the military tradition of the region's police forces.

Abstract: The capacity and range of free movement in the city may indicate urban deterioration or the well-being of its inhabitants. The COVID-19 pandemic affected mobility, making socioeconomic and gender differences evident. By taking charge of domestic care and childcare, women from highly segregated neighborhoods in the city saw their ability to move increasingly dependent on external factors, turning their mobility into im-mobility.

Resumen: La capacidad y el rango de movimiento libre en la ciudad puede indicar el deterioro urbano o el bienestar de sus habitantes. La pandemia de COVID-19 afectó la movilidad evidenciando diferencias socioeconómicas y de género. Al hacerse cargo de los cuidados domésticos y de menores, las mujeres de sectores altamente segregados vieron cómo su capacidad de movimiento dependía cada vez más de factores externos, convirtiendo su movilidad en in-movilidad.

Resumen La violencia criminal se concentra en vecindarios afectados por condiciones de precariedad socioeconómica. En Chile, se han implementado diversas estrategias de seguridad de larga trayectoria, aunque poco analizadas hasta ahora. Con base en una investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa realizada en 2019, se revisa la respuesta frente al fenómeno. En diálogo con aquellas teorías que han explicado la violencia urbana, nuestro supuesto de investigación refiere a que existe una brecha en la forma como las autoridades conciben y dan respuesta a la violencia delictual, y la manera en que la ciudadanía las percibe. La investigación muestra que las iniciativas se han focalizado principalmente en acciones orientadas al control social informal de las comunidades, incorporando, en la última década, un componente urbano que privilegia una escala mayor de intervención en los territorios. Sin embargo, y pese a dichos esfuerzos, se observa un grado de penetración del Estado que aún es difícil de establecer, al mismo tiempo que el alcance de dicha respuesta es limitado para sus habitantes.

Abstract Criminal violence concentrates in neighborhoods affected by socioeconomic precarious conditions. In Chile, several long-standing security strategies have been implemented, although scarcely analyzed so far. Based on a quantitative and qualitative research carried out in 2019, this paper reviews the response to the phenomenon. After considering and analyzing the theories that have explained urban violence, our research assumption refers to the fact that there is a gap in the way the authorities conceive and respond to criminal violence and the way citizens perceive them. The research shows the initiatives have been focused mainly on actions aimed at the informal social control of the communities, incorporating in the last decade an urban component that favors a larger scale of intervention in the territories. However, despite these efforts, the degree of penetration by the State in the territories is difficult to establish, at the same time the scope of said response is limited for its inhabitants.